![]() ![]() Originally, this production process also began with egg-grown CVVs per FDA regulations. There also is a cell-based production process for flu vaccines that was approved by FDA in 2012. This production method requires large numbers of chicken eggs to produce vaccine and may take longer than other production methods. There are several different manufacturers that use this production technology to make flu vaccines for use in the United States. FDA tests and approves all influenza vaccines prior to release and shipment. For the nasal spray flu vaccine (i.e., the live attenuated influenza vaccine – LAIV), the starting CVVs are live, but weakened viruses that go through a different production process. The manufacturing process continues with quality testing, packaging and distribution. For inactivated influenza vaccines (i.e., flu shots), the vaccine viruses are then inactivated (killed), and the virus antigen is purified. The fluid containing virus is harvested from the eggs. These CVVs are then injected into fertilized hen’s eggs and incubated for several days to allow the viruses to replicate. The egg-based production process begins with CDC or another laboratory partner in the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System providing private sector manufacturers with candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) grown in eggs per current FDA regulatory requirements. Egg-based vaccine manufacturing is used to make both inactivated (killed) vaccine (usually called the “flu shot”) and live attenuated (weakened) vaccine (usually called the “nasal spray flu vaccine”). That has been used for more than 70 years. The most common way that flu vaccines are made is using an egg-based manufacturing process See Different Types of Flu Vaccines for more information. Different vaccines have different indications. Different manufacturers use different production technologies, but all flu vaccines meet FDA safety and effectiveness requirements. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) external icon :Īll commercially available flu vaccines in the United States are made by private sector manufacturers. For the United States there are three different influenza vaccine production technologies approved by the U.S. ![]()
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